Brief overview of Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

PCOS is the most common endocrinopathy in women of reproductive age, and a leading cause of infertility, which makes its identification essential. The goals of treatment are to reduce hyperandrogenism and to induce fertility. 




Common complaints

amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea

Weight gain

Fine hair growth on her face

Velvety thickening of the skin on the neck.


Differential diagnoses

Thyroid dysfunction

Cushing syndrome

Androgen-secreting neoplasms


Laboratory tests


Pregnancy test, urine (HCG)

Follow up with

serum total and free testosterone

serum dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS)

serum 17-hydroxyprogesterone

serum prolactin

serum thyroid-stimulating hormone

fasting lipid panel

pelvic ultrasound


Recommend treatment


weight loss

Start oral contraceptives

adjunct metformin


Reference
Goodarzi, M. (2019). Polycystic ovary syndrome. Epocrates. Retrieved from https://online.epocrates.com/diseases/14111/Polycystic-ovary-syndrome/Key-Highlights

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